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Greek Creation | |
In The Beginning:
In the beginning there was nothing but Chaos. Chaos of itself gives birth to NYX (night) , EREBUS (Darkness), HAMERA, (Day) ETHER (The Uper Sky), HAMERA and ETHER give birth toMother Earth (Gaia) and Father Sky (Uranus) . The first creature to appear on the earth were the offspring of GAIA and URANUS. These first creature were HECATONCHEIRES. Three of these creature had one hundred hands and fifty heads and they were incredibly strong. Three others had just one eye in the center of their head and these creatures were given the name of Cyclopes. The Cyclopes too were giant and strong. The last of her children were the Titans. These creatures were also strong and giant but these creatures were not all bad. In fact it would be some of these creatures that would eventually lead to the creation of theOlympion gods. GAIA however, was very angry at Father Sky for the treatment of her children. So GAIA went to her children and begged for their help. Only one of the Titans were brave enough to help their mother, the Titan Cronus. GAIA gave Cronos an adamantine sickle with which to kill his Father. Cronus laid in wait for his father and ended up Castrating him. After this, Cronus and his sister, Rhea, became the King and Queen of the universe. Cronus and Rhea had six children and they would end up being the first Olympians. But, every child that Cronus had he swallowed because he received an oracle that said one of his children would grow up to over throw him. This went on through the first five children. But, when the sixth one was born, Rhea could not bear to have it swallowed. So, instead she gave him a rock wrapped in a blanket and Cronus quickly swallowed it. The child's name was Zeus. Later, when Zeus was grown up he, with the help of Mother Earth, made his father Cronus give back up the children of Cronus and Rhea. After this there was a great war between Cronus and the Titans, and Zeus and his five brothers and sisters. The war was eventually won by Zeus because he was helped by the hundred handed monsters that he released from the depths of the earth. After the war was won there were other attempts at overthrowing Zeus, but these attempts were also knocked down. After this, the world was cleared of the monsters and was ready for mankind. There are many different stories on how mankind came to be. I will tell you the most widely known story, and probably the most interesting. Once the world was cleared of monster and the threat of rebellion was eliminated, it was agreed on by the gods that Prometheus, the titan that had sided with Zeus, and his brother Epimetheus, would have the task of creating mankind. Prometheus was a very wise being, perhaps even wiser than the gods, but Epimetheus tended to go on his first impulse and then change his mind. Epimetheus, before thinking, gave all of the good gifts to animals. Strength, swiftness, courage, cunning, fur and feathers, and wings and shells and such until nothing good was left for the men. But, Epimetheus was not a cold-hearted person, but it was too late and so came to his brother for help So Prometheus thought out a way to make man superior, and he did this by standing them upright, like the gods, and also stole for them fire which provided a protection far better than anything else. For a long time, the world was without women and there existed only men. Zeus created women later in his anger at Prometheus. For, Prometheus cared too much for man, because he not only stole fire for them but he also made it so man would get the best part of any animal sacrificed, and the gods the worst. He tricked Zeus, and once Zeus made his decision he had to stick by it, and so this angered him even more. So what he did in revenge was create an evil for men, something so beautiful and wondrous that everyone that looked at her was caught up in her radiance. They called this beautiful creation, Pandora and from her, the first woman, came the race of women who are evil to men and have a nature to do evil. Another story about Pandora says that the source of all misfortune was not by her wicked nature. But instead it was her curiosity, and so when the gods presented her with a box, and told her never to open the box. But Pandora, being a woman of curiosity, opened the box and out flew all of the evils of the world, and one good thing, Hope. It was in this way that man was punished and learned that it was not possible to out smart the gods. But it was not just man that learned this lesson, so did Prometheus. Zeus, forgotten the debt that he owed Prometheus, had him bound in unbreakable chains to the highest peak of the Caucasus. |
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The Germanic Myth of Creation |
In the beginning nothing existed except for Ginnungagap. Neither sand, sea, heaven or earth had been created. After a long span of time, a new realm emanated in the south called Muspell. It was made of fire, glowing embers, and scorching heat. In the north a second region sprang forth called Niflheim. It consisted of bitter winds, and of freezing ice and snow. Ginnungagap was situated between these two realms, and the waters from
the eleven rivers of Hvergelmir flowed here. In the
While Ymir was asleep, the first man and woman were born from the sweat
of his left armpit, and his legs gave birth to a son.
She fed the giant Ymir with her four teats. She sustained herself by licking the ice. As Audumbla licked the salty ice blocks for three consecutive nights, another being appeared, named Buri. Buri's son Bor married Bestla. They had three sons, Odin,Vili, and Ve. Bor's sons had a raging hatred towards the giant Ymir, and they plotted
his death. Ymir's corpse was carried to the center of
From Ymir's flesh they made the earth, and the mountains from his unbroken
bones. From Ymir's shattered skeleton parts,
Odin, Vili, and Ve lifted Ymir's skull so high it reached the end of
the earth's limits, and they called it the sky. The sons of Bor
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MESOPOTAMIAN CREATION |
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The long Babylonian creation epic 'Enuma elish' narrates a chain of events beginning with the very first separation of order out of chaos and culminating in the creation of the specific cosmos known to the ancient Babylonians. As the gods are born within the commingled waters of their primeval parents, Apsu and Tiamat, their restlessness disturbs Apsu. Over Tiamat's protests, he plans to kill them; but the clever Ea learns of his plan and kills Apsu instead. Now Tiamat is furious, she produces an army of monsters to avenge her husband and to wrest lordship from the younger generation. The terrified gods turn to Ea's son Marduk for help. Marduk agrees to face Tiamat, but demands supremacy over them as compensation. They promptly assemble, declare him king, and send him forth, armed with his winds and storms. The battle is short; the- winds inflate Tiamat's body like a balloon and Marduk sends an arrow through her gaping mouth into her heart. He then splits her body, forming heaven and earth with the two halves. After putting the heavens in order, he turns to Ea for help in creating, out of the blood of Tiamat's demon-commander Kingu, the black-haired men ofMesopotamia. The poem concludes as the gods build a temple for Marduk and gather in it to celebrate his mighty deeds.Enuma elish was probably composed in the early part of the second millennium B.C. | |
When on high the heaven had not been named, Firm ground below had not been called by name, Naught but primordial Apsu,1 their begetter, (And) Mummu2 Tiamat, 3 she who bore them all, Their waters 4 commingling as a single body; No reed hut had been matted, no marsh land had appeared, When no gods whatever had been brought into being, Uncalled by name, their destinies undetermined- Then it was that the gods were formed within them.5 Lahmu and Lahamu 6 were brought forth, by name they were called. For aeons they grew in age and stature. Anshar and Kishar 7 were formed, surpassing the others. They prolonged the days, added on the years. Anu 8 was their son, of his fathers the rival; Yea, Anshar's first-born, Anu, was his equal. Anu begot in his image Nudimmud. 9 This Nudimmud was of his fathers the master, Of broad wisdom, understanding, mighty in strength, Mightier by far than his grandfather, Anshar. He had no rival among the gods, his brothers. The divine brothers banded together,They disturbed Tiamat as they surged back and forth, Yea, they troubled the mood of Tiamat By their hilarity in the Abode of Heaven. Apsu could not lessen their clamour And Tiamat was speechless at their ways. Their doings were loathsome unto [ . . . ]. Unsavoury were their ways; they were overbearing. Then Apsu, the begetter of the great gods, Cried out, addressing Mummu, his vizier: 'O Mummu, my vizier, who rejoicest my spirit, Come hither and let us go to Tiamat!' They went and sat down before Tiamat, Exchanging counsel about the gods, their first-born. Apsu, opening his mouth, Said unto resplendent Tiamat: 'Their ways are verity loathsome unto me. By day I find no relief, nor repose by night. I will destroy, I will wreck their ways, That quiet may be restored. Let us have rest!' As soon as Tiamat heard this, She was wroth and called out to her husband. She cried out aggrieved, as she raged all alone, Injecting woe into her mood: What? Should we destroy that which we have built? Their ways are indeed troublesome, but let us attend kindly!' Then answered Mummu, giving counsel to Apsu; III-wishing and ungracious was Mummu's advice: 'Do destroy, my father, the mutinous ways. Then shalt thou have relief by day and rest by night!' When Apsu heard this, his face grew radiant Because of the evil he planned against the gods, his sons. As for Mummu, by the neck he embraced him As (that one) sat down on his knees to kiss him. (Now) whatever they had plotted between them Was repeated unto the gods, their first born. When the gods heard (this), they were astir (Then) lapsed into silence and remained speechless. Surpassing in wisdom, accomplished, resourceful, Ea, 10 the all-wise, saw through their 11 scheme. A master design against it he devised and set up, Made artful his spell against it, surpassing and holy. He recited it and made is subsist in the deep, 12 As he poured sleep upon him. Sound asleep he lay. When Apsu he had made prone, drenched with sleep, Mummu, the adviser, was impotent to move. He loosened his band, tore off his tiara, Removed his halo (and) put it on himself. Having fettered Apsu, he slew him. Mummu he bound and left behind lock. Having thus upon Apsu established his dwelling, He laid hold on Mummu, holding him by the nose-rope. After he had vanquished and trodden down his foes, |